Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

Overview

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder that affects a significant number of individuals in the Middle East, including here in Dubai. At the Dubai Internal Medicine Clinic at MMC, we understand the unique challenges of IBS in this region, where diverse dietary habits and lifestyle factors can influence the condition. Our commitment is to provide comprehensive care that not only alleviates symptoms but also empowers individuals to manage IBS effectively.

Signs and Symptoms

IBS is characterized by a range of gastrointestinal symptoms that can vary in intensity and duration:

• Abdominal pain or discomfort, often relieved after a bowel movement.
• Changes in bowel habits, such as diarrhea, constipation, or alternating between the two.
• Bloating and gas.
• Mucus in the stool.
• The urgency to have a bowel movement.

Causes

Understanding the factors contributing to IBS in the Middle East, particularly in a bustling city like Dubai, is essential:

• Dietary Habits: Middle Eastern cuisine is diverse and may include foods that trigger IBS symptoms, such as spices, fatty foods, and dairy products.
• Stress: The fast-paced lifestyle in urban areas can contribute to stress, which may worsen IBS symptoms.
• Infections: Gastrointestinal infections can sometimes lead to the development of IBS.
• Altered Gut Motility: Changes in the normal movements of the digestive tract can play a role.

Diagnosis & Classification

At the Dubai Internal Medicine Clinic at MMC, we follow a systematic approach to diagnose and classify IBS:

• Ruling Out Other Conditions: To confirm IBS, other gastrointestinal disorders must be ruled out through tests such as endoscopy and imaging.
• Symptom-Based Criteria: Diagnosis often relies on specific criteria, including the presence of abdominal pain or discomfort for at least three days per month in the last three months, along with changes in bowel habits.

IBS Classification

IBS can be classified into four main types, depending on the predominant symptoms:

• IBS-D (Diarrhea-predominant)
• IBS-C (Constipation-predominant)
• IBS-M (Mixed)
• IBS-U (Unsubtyped)

Prevention

Preventing IBS in the Middle East, and particularly in a dynamic city like Dubai, involves adopting lifestyle changes and dietary modifications:

• Dietary Modifications: Identifying and avoiding trigger foods. Maintaining a balanced diet and staying hydrated.
• Stress Management: Incorporating stress-reduction techniques such as meditation, yoga, or relaxation exercises.
• Regular Physical Activity: Engaging in regular exercise to promote overall digestive health.

Treatment

Our approach at the Dubai Internal Medicine Clinic at MMC revolves around personalized care plans tailored to individual needs:

• Dietary Guidance: Advising on dietary modifications and identifying trigger foods.
• Medications: Prescribing medications to manage specific symptoms, such as antispasmodics or laxatives.
• Psychological Support: Referring individuals to counseling or therapy to address stress and anxiety.
• Lifestyle Adjustments: Encouraging regular exercise, adequate sleep, and stress management techniques.