Dubai Internal Medicine Clinic | Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Overview

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a prevalent digestive disorder that affects many individuals in the Middle East, including here in Dubai. At the Dubai Internal Medicine Clinic at MMC, we recognize the unique lifestyle and dietary factors in this region that contribute to GERD. Our commitment is to provide comprehensive care that not only alleviates symptoms but also empowers individuals to enjoy a comfortable, reflux-free life.

Signs and Symptoms

GERD is characterized by a range of symptoms that can be bothersome and affect daily life:

• Frequent heartburn, often described as a burning sensation in the chest.
• Regurgitation of stomach acid or food into the mouth.
• Acidic or sour taste in the mouth.
• Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia).
• Chronic cough or sore throat.
• Chest pain, which can sometimes be mistaken for heart-related issues.

Causes

Understanding the factors contributing to GERD in the Middle East, particularly in a vibrant city like Dubai, is essential:

• Dietary Habits: Rich and flavorful Middle Eastern cuisine, which includes spicy and acidic foods, can exacerbate GERD symptoms.
• Obesity: The prevalence of obesity in the region can increase intra-abdominal pressure, promoting acid reflux.
• Smoking: Smoking can weaken the lower esophageal sphincter, a muscle that prevents stomach acid from flowing back into the esophagus.
• Lifestyle Factors: Stress and a sedentary lifestyle can contribute to GERD.

Diagnosis & Classification

At the Dubai Internal Medicine Clinic at MMC, we employ a systematic approach to diagnose and classify GERD:

• Symptom Assessment: Evaluating the frequency and severity of symptoms is essential for diagnosis.
• Endoscopy: Using a thin, flexible tube with a camera to examine the esophagus and stomach.
• pH Monitoring: Measuring the amount of acid in the esophagus over a 24-hour period to assess acid reflux.

GERD Classification

GERD can be classified into various types, including non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) and erosive esophagitis, based on the presence and severity of esophageal damage.

Prevention

Preventing GERD in the Middle East, and particularly in bustling cities like Dubai, involves adopting lifestyle changes:

• Dietary Modifications: Reducing consumption of trigger foods and maintaining portion control.
• Weight Management: Achieving and maintaining a healthy weight to reduce abdominal pressure.
• Elevating the Head of the Bed: Sleeping with the upper body elevated to prevent nighttime reflux.
• Stress Reduction: Incorporating stress-reduction techniques such as meditation and relaxation exercises.

Treatment

Our approach at the Dubai Internal Medicine Clinic at MMC centers on personalized care plans tailored to individual needs:

• Medications: Prescribing proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), H2 blockers, or antacids to reduce acid production.
• Lifestyle Changes: Advising on dietary modifications, weight management, and stress reduction techniques.
• Surgical Intervention: In severe cases, minimally invasive surgical procedures may be considered.
• Regular Monitoring: Ensuring routine follow-ups to assess symptom improvement and adjust treatment as needed.